For Windows Server to respond to PING requests, you must enable them in the firewall.
To do this, open the rule in the firewall “File and Printer Sharing (Echo Request — ICMPv4-In)” and tick the “Enabled(Enabled)“, similarly for the sixth version “File and Printer Sharing (Echo Request — ICMPv6-In)“.
In order for the system to respond to PING requests only for specific IP, there is also a rule in the tab in the settings “Scope“, where “Remote IP Address” pushing “Add” specify the desired IP-addresses.
From the command line, you can configure this rule like this:
netsh advfirewall firewall set rule name= "File and Printer Sharing (Echo Request — ICMPv4-In)" new enable=yes action=allow profile=any remoteip=192.168.5.0/24
Either (on / off):
netsh firewall set icmpsetting 8 netsh firewall set icmpsetting 8 disable
From PowerShell like this:
Set-NetFirewallRule -Name FPS-ICMP-ERQ-In -Enabled True -Profile Any -Action Allow