Fsck (File System ChecK) – checks and restores file systems.
Before starting the scan, unmount the file system with the command:
umount /dev/sda1
An example of starting a scan (where /dev/sda1 is a device or partition to be checked):
fsck -V -C -f /dev/sda1
View brief documentation:
man fsck
I will describe some startup keys:
-C (display progress bar if possible)
-M (do not check mounted file systems)
-p (auto mode)
-y (agree to all questions)
-n (disagree on all questions)
-f (forced check)
-V (more detailed information)