On the test I will install ACME client Certbot in Ubuntu 16.04 (xenial), which will help to get Free SSL certificates Let’s Encrypt for 90 days and automatically update them.
For other versions of Ubuntu, the Certbot client is installed similarly.
Category Archives: Linux
Installing and Configuring Let’s Encrypt SSL
On the test I will install Let’s Encrypt which allows you to install free SSL certificates for 90 days and automatically re-issue them.
Continue reading “Installing and Configuring Let’s Encrypt SSL”Installing Docker CE on Ubuntu
Docker CE – a software platform for deploying applications, packaging applications into a container, adding libraries and all the necessary dependencies to run the application, which allows you to quickly launch the code in almost any environment. There is a free version of Docker Community Edition (CE) and Enterprise Edition (EE).
Continue reading “Installing Docker CE on Ubuntu”Configuring Fail2Ban for Asterisk
On the test I will use Asterisk 13.1.0 and Fail2Ban 0.9.3-1 installed in Ubuntu Server 16.04.1 LTS.
Install Fail2Ban as I wrote in this article – Installing and Configuring Fail2ban
Open the configuration file Asterisk responsible for logging events in /var/log/asterisk/messages:
sudo nano /etc/asterisk/logger.conf
Add security to messages:
messages => notice,warning,error,security
Restart the asterisk logging system:
sudo asterisk -rvv logger reload quit
Add the Asterisk configuration file to the directory with the Fail2Ban configuration, thus activating the monitoring of its logs:
sudo nano /etc/fail2ban/jail.d/asterisk.conf
where 86400 in seconds = 24 hours, that is, the attacker will be blocked for a day.
[asterisk] enabled = true bantime = 86400
Or, change the file /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf where [asterisk-tcp] and [asterisk-udp] are false to true.
Restart fail2ban for the new configuration file to load:
sudo fail2ban-client reload
Let’s check the work:
sudo fail2ban-client status asterisk
Done, now Fail2Ban will block IP addresses from which the passwords to Asterisk accounts are not correctly entered.
Installing and Configuring Fail2ban
In this article, I will provide an example of how to install and configure Fail2ban.
Continue reading “Installing and Configuring Fail2ban”Configuring Fail2Ban for ProFTPd
Suppose Fail2Ban is already installed, if not, then see my article – Installing and Configuring Fail2ban.
In Fail2Ban by default, there are already filters for ProFTPd and it knows that the log file is located at /var/log/proftpd/proftpd.log, so it’s enough to create the file:
sudo nano /etc/fail2ban/jail.d/proftpd.local
And enter the data below, thereby activating the check of the log file /var/log/proftpd/proftpd.log:
[proftpd] enabled = true bantime = 86400
Restart Fail2Ban to apply the changes:
sudo service fail2ban restart
You can check the status:
sudo fail2ban-client status proftpd
Solution WARNING: The “syslog” option is deprecated
I noticed once a warning in the /var/log/samba/log. file:
[2018/04/13 20:51:05.280655, 1] ../lib/param/loadparm.c:1629(lpcfg_do_global_parameter) WARNING: The "syslog" option is deprecated
As reported, the “syslog” option is obsolete, and to prevent the warning from appearing, it must be removed from the configuration.
I opened the configuration file in a text editor:
sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf
Found this option:
syslog = 0
And commented on it:
#syslog = 0
After the changes you need to restart samba, you can do this:
sudo service samba restart sudo restart smbd sudo restart nmbd
After that, the warning no longer appeared.
Installing Magento on Ubuntu
On the test, I install Magento in Ubuntu Server 16.04 & PHP 7.
First, update the system and install the necessary components:
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade sudo apt-get install apache2 php mysql-server mysql-client openssl libcurl3 php-curl php-gd php-mcrypt php-xml php-intl php-zip php-mbstring php-soap php-mysql php-cli php-json libapache2-mod-php php-xsl composer
Open the PHP configuration file in a text editor:
sudo nano /etc/php/7.0/apache2/php.ini
And install or make sure that memory_limit is at least 512M:
memory_limit = 512M
Activate the necessary modules:
sudo a2enmod rewrite sudo phpenmod mcrypt
In the apache2 configuration, add the site or edit the standard:
sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf
Add the following parameters inside the VirtualHost tags:
<Directory /var/www/html/magento_test> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All </Directory>
Restart apache2 to apply the changes:
sudo service apache2 restart
Connect to the MySQL server, create the database and the user:
mysql -u root -p CREATE DATABASE magento; CREATE USER magento@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON magento.* TO magento@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; exit
Download the archive with the latest version of Magento and unpack it:
cd /tmp/ wget https://github.com/magento/magento2/archive/2.2.3.tar.gz tar xzvf 2.2.3.tar.gz
Move the files to the web server directory:
sudo mv magento2-2.2.3 /var/www/html/magento_test
Execute the command:
cd /var/www/html/magento_test sudo composer install
Install on the files of the right, the owner and the group under which the web server is running:
cd /var/www/html/magento_test sudo find var vendor pub/static pub/media app/etc -type f -exec chmod u+w {} \; sudo find var vendor pub/static pub/media app/etc -type d -exec chmod u+w {} \; sudo chmod u+x bin/magento sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/magento_test/
Open the browser http://SERVER/magento_test and continue the installation process by following the instructions, remember the login/password and “Magento Admin Address”, as it will open the admin panel.
After installation, let’s see where php is located to correctly specify the path in cron jobs (usually it’s in /usr/bin/php):
which php
Open crontab:
sudo crontab -u www-data -e
And add the tasks:
* * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/magento_test/bin/magento cron:run | grep -v "Ran jobs by schedule" >> /var/www/html/magento_test/var/log/magento.cron.log * * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/magento_test/update/cron.php >> /var/www/html/magento_test/var/log/update.cron.log * * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/magento_test/bin/magento setup:cron:run >> /var/www/html/magento_test/var/log/setup.cron.log
This completes the installation of Magento.
See also:
Solving the “Autoload error” when installing Magento
Using and configuring CRON
Solving the “Autoload error” when installing Magento
Once installed Magento in Ubuntu and noticed in the browser the following error:
Autoload error
There were also pieces of code, depending on the open page.
In my case, the error occurred because of the uninstalled libapache2-mod-php, installed it with the command:
sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php
After that the error did not appear and I continued the installation of Magento.
Installing Remmina on Linux
Remmina – remote desktop client, supports SSH, VNC, RDP, NX, SFTP, XDMCP.
You can install Remmina in Ubuntu/Debian using the command:
sudo apt-get install remmina
Install in CentOS:
yum install remmina
Run with the command:
remmina
After launching it is enough to specify the address of the node and enter the login/password.
On the test through the Remmina client, I successfully connected to the remote desktop of Windows 10.
See also:
Installing xrdp on Ubuntu