Vyacheslav

Description of SMART attributes

In this article I’ll look at the SMART information of the first SSD drive that comes under the arm and describe what the attributes mean.

Suppose we looked at the information on the disk /dev/sda:

sudo smartctl -a /dev/sda

I have the following information:

ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x000b   100   100   050    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  2 Throughput_Performance  0x0005   100   100   050    Pre-fail  Offline      -       0
  3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0007   100   100   050    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0013   100   100   050    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  7 Unknown_SSD_Attribute   0x000b   100   100   050    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  8 Unknown_SSD_Attribute   0x0005   100   100   050    Pre-fail  Offline      -       0
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       2850
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       10
168 Unknown_Attribute       0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
170 Unknown_Attribute       0x0003   100   100   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       531
173 Unknown_Attribute       0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       12255496
175 Program_Fail_Count_Chip 0x0013   100   100   050    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
187 Reported_Uncorrect      0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       5
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0023   071   067   030    Pre-fail  Always       -       29 (Min/Max 23/33)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0002   100   100   010    Old_age   Always       -       0
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x000b   100   100   050    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
218 Unknown_Attribute       0x000b   100   100   050    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
231 Temperature_Celsius     0x0013   100   100   000    Pre-fail  Always       -       94
233 Media_Wearout_Indicator 0x000b   100   100   000    Pre-fail  Always       -       50171
240 Unknown_SSD_Attribute   0x0013   100   100   000    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
241 Total_LBAs_Written      0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       12213
242 Total_LBAs_Read         0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       321
244 Unknown_Attribute       0x0002   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       187
245 Unknown_Attribute       0x0002   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       264
246 Unknown_Attribute       0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       12905344

Raw_Read_Error_Rate – means the number of read errors.
Throughput_Performance – overall disk performance.
Spin_Up_Time – time to drive up to the operating speed.
Reallocated_Sector_Ct – number of redistributed (damaged) sectors.
Power_On_Hours – the number of hours that the disk was working.
Power_Cycle_Count – number of disk on/off.
Program_Fail_Count_Chip – number of write errors in flash memory.
Reported_Uncorrect – hardware ECC errors that can not be fixed.
Power-Off_Retract_Count – number of emergency shutdowns.
Temperature_Celsius – the temperature of the disc in degrees Celsius.
Media_Wearout_Indicator – the health indicator of the disc, if it is below 10, then the disc should definitely be replaced.
Total_LBAs_Written – LBA records.
Total_LBAs_Read – LBA reads.

There may also be other attributes:
Start_Stop_Count – number of starts/stops of the spindle.
Seek_Error_Rate – number of positioning errors.
Spin_Retry_Count – number of retry attempts.
Reallocated_Event_Count – number of sector redistribution operations.
Offline_Uncorrectable – number of faulty sectors.
Flying height – height between the head and the surface of the disc.
Disk Shift – the distance of the disc block displacement from the spindle, can change for example after the falls.
G-Sense Error Rate – errors due to external loads/drops.
etc.

Addition of ONT Huawei EchoLife HG8110 on Huawei SmartAX MA5683T

On the test, I wrote the profiles and added ONT Huawei EchoLife HG8110 to Huawei SmartAX MA5683T.

The first step is to connect to the Huawei SmartAX MA5683T and go into configuration mode:

enable
config

Create ont-srvprofile:

ont-srvprofile gpon profile-id 14 profile-name "Huawei HG8110"
ont-port pots 1 eth 1
port vlan eth 1 translation 228 user-vlan 228
commit

Create ont-lineprofile:

ont-lineprofile gpon profile-id 14 profile-name "Huawei HG8110"
tcont 4 dba-profile-id 11
gem add 1 eth tcont 4
gem mapping 1 0 vlan 228
commit

We learn the serial number of ONT and the number of the card to which it is connected by typing the command to search for new ONTs:

display ont autofind all

Let’s go into the setup mode of the desired Gpon card (in the port of which the ONT is connected):

interface gpon 0/5

Now add ONT with the serial number:

ont add 3 17 sn-auth "414C434CF23D5EAF" omci ont-lineprofile-id 14 ont-srvprofile-id 14 desc OPISANIE
ont port native-vlan 3 17 eth 1 vlan 228 priority 0

Where number 3 indicates the Gpon port number to which the ONT is connected.

The number 17 means ID ONT and is listed next in order after added in the ONT configuration, the list of occupied IDs can be seen after exiting the Gpon card setup mode and typing the command displaying the entire configuration (for each gpon port, their IDs ONT):

display current-configuration
display current-configuration | include service-port

Let’s exit the Gpon interface configuration mode:

quit

Add a service port that will give the Internet to ONT (the number 425 denotes the port service number and is taken from the free in the configuration):

service-port 425 vlan 228 gpon 0/5/3 ont 17 gemport 1 multi-service user-vlan 228

Save the configuration:

save

The standard IP address of Huawei EchoLife HG8110 is 192.168.100.1, the login is telecomadmin, the password is admintelecom.
In ONT, you do not need to configure anything.

Solution of error CMOS Battery Low

Different BIOS can give an error in different ways, here are a few options:
CMOS Battery Low
CMOS battery failed
State Battery CMOS Low
CMOS Battery Has Failed
System battery is dead
CMOS Battery State Low

An error is displayed when the computer is turned on and indicates that the battery needed to store BIOS settings is empty.

The solution is to replace the battery. It is also possible to clean the contacts. To do this, you need to remove the battery from the motherboard, check if there are dust on the contacts, if there is a tester, then measure its voltage, it should usually be no lower than 3 volts.

Setting up and using Traffic Flow in Mikrotik

Enable Traffic Flow on the Mikrotik router:

ip traffic-flow set enabled=yes cache-entries=4k set active-flow-timeout=30m inactive-flow-timeout=15s interfaces=all

View settings:

ip traffic-flow print

Specify the IP address and port of the computer that will receive the Traffic-Flow packets:

ip traffic-flow target add address=192.168.88.240:1234 disabled=no version=9 v9-template-refresh=20 v9-template-timeout=30m

ip traffic-flow target add address=192.168.88.240:1234 disabled=no version=5

View settings:

ip traffic-flow target print

To configure through the GUI, the settings can be found in the menu IP -> Traffic Flow.

For monitoring under Windows, you can install the program ManageEngine NetFlow Analyzer, which will work as a server, receive packets from the specified port and generate graphs and statistics via a web server that can be opened by the browser.

For monitoring under Linux, you can install and configure for example flow-tools.

How to find out the password for Huawei EchoLife HG8245

Configured today GPON ONT Huawei EchoLife HG8245C to OLT and it was necessary to go to its web interface to change the password on Wi-Fi, and the standard root login and password admin did not fit. I had to perform several manipulations.
Of course, to begin with, connect to any of the LAN ports, wait until the DHCP ONT is turned on, it will give out IP, such as 192.168.1.2 or set it manually.
Connect via telnet to ONT IP 192.168.1.1, enter login root and password admin.
Then type the following commands one at a time:

shell
cd /mnt/jffs2/
grep admin  myconfig.xml

As a result, the last command gives information about what is happening in the web interface:

useradmin
vufum

and

telecomadmin
nE7jA%5m

Passwords can also be written on the device label. In the settings you can change the password, in this case the user will be useradmin and the specified password.
For HG8245, the standard administrative login and password telecomadmin \ admintelecom, for users – admin/admin. For Chinese HG8245C standard – telecomadmin \ nE7jA%5m.
There may be further passwords for telecomadmin:

NWTF5x%RaK8mVbD
NWTF5x%

The solution to the error 0x80073712. Component store has been corrupted

To fix the error “0x80073712. Component store has been corrupted” you need to open a CMD with administrator rights and run the following commands:

Checking the component store:

Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth

Recovery:

Dism.exe /Online /Cleanup-Image /Restorehealth

For Powershell, the command looks like this:

Repair-WindowsImage -Online -RestoreHealth

You can also restore from the original installation disk by inserting a disk and executing commands in Powershell:

Repair-WindowsImage -Online -RestoreHealth -Source Е:\sources\install.wim:1

where E is the drive letter, and figure 1 is the edition number on the disk.

After the procedures, it is advisable to check the system files by typing the following at the command prompt:

sfc /SCANNOW

Solution of error with Detect operating system in Zabbix

The standard “Detect operating system” script does not work in Zabbix, when trying to execute it, the “sudo: no tty present and no askpass program specified” error appears, so for its operation it is necessary to take several actions.

The first is to install nmap:

apt-get install sudo nmap

The second is to allow the user of Zabbix to run nmap, for this open the file /etc/sudoers in any editor, for example nano:

sudo nano /etc/sudoers

and add the following line to it:

zabbix  ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/nmap

or you can not open it in the editor, but execute the command:

sudo echo "zabbix  ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/nmap" >> /etc/sudoers

After these manipulations, the script should work, determine the operating system, show the list of open ports, etc.

How to change the drive letter in Windows

For different versions of Windows, the procedure for changing the drive letter is almost the same.

To change the drive letter in Windows 8, click “Start“, type “Control Panel” on the screen, select “Control Panel” – “Administration” – “Computer Management” – “Disk Management“.
On the right disk, right-click the bears and select “Change Drive Letter and Path …“, click “Change…” in the window that opens, select “Assign the folowing drive latter” if it is not selected and select the desired letter, click “OK” to finish. Click “Yes” to confirm.

You can also open the Computer Management window by typing “compmgmt.msc” on the command line or in the search bar.

Configuring an FTP server on MikroTik Router OS

Usually an FTP server on MikroTik Router OS is enabled and uses ports 20 and 21 for communication.
Connection type without encryption, login and password are same as for access to mikrotik.

You can connect by typing the ip address of the router in the browser’s address bar:
ftp://192.168.88.1

Via the graphical interface, the FTP service is turned off and turned on in the “IP” – “Service”

Through the command line:

ip service disable service_number
ip service enable service_number

View a list of services:

ip service print

To view the information about the files, you can run the following command:

file print detail
disk print detail

Manuals for the Foxgate 6200 series of switches

File size: 0.5 MB
Download the Foxgate 6200 Installation Guide
https://files.ixnfo.com/Manuals/Foxgate/S6200/Foxgate_6200_Series-Installation-Guide.pdf