Windows Server 2008 R2 Backup and Restore

For example, I will make a backup copy of Windows Server 2008 R2 and describe the process by items:

1) Open the “Server Manager”.

2) Select “Features” – “Add Features”, check “Windows Server Backup” and “Command-line Tools”, click the “Install” button and wait for the installation to complete.

3) Open the “Start” menu and select “Windows Server Backup”.
For the test, I clicked “Backup Once”, in the window that appears, I select the “Custom” configuration type and ticked the C drive and all the oslat except for the other local disks if they are (for example, drive D) in the next window, you can select the storage type where the backup a copy, for example “Local disks” and specify drive D, or “Remote shared folder” and specify the path, I was just running Samba on one of the Linux servers, so I connected the network folder and chose this option.
See also my article – Installing and Configuring Samba on Linux

After the process is complete, the folder “WindowsImageBackup” with a backup will appear on the disk or network share.

To restore the system from this backup, you can similarly click the “Start” – “Windows Server Backup” menu and select this backup, or if the server does not start, then start the Windows startup disk, select “System Restore” and specify this backup.

How to make a bootable USB flash drive using UltraISO

I’ll describe the process of creating a bootable USB flash drive with Windows using UltraISO:

1) Start UltraISO, select the required ISO image of the operating system by clicking the menu “File”> “Open”.

2) We connect the USB flash drive to the computer, in UltraISO we open the menu “Bootable”> “Write Disk Image …”.
There where “Disk Drive” we will select a USB flash drive and press the “Write” button below to start the process of copying files from the ISO image.
Before starting the copying, all data from the USB flash drive will be erased.

At the end of the process, the USB flash drive will be ready.

See also:
How to make a bootable USB flash drive with Windows

How to record games clips in Windows using the Xbox panel?

Since the Xbox gaming panel is built into Windows 10, no additional programs are needed to record the video, just by pressing two Win+G keys simultaneously in the game.
After pressing Win+G, the Xbox gaming panel should open, in which you must click on the red circle (you can also use the combination of keys Win+Alt+R to start and stop video recording).
Using the keys Win+Alt+PrntScr, you can take a screenshot, and Win+Alt+T – show or hide the timer.

The Xbox game panel can also be opened by pressing the Xbox button on the gamepad.

Video clips are saved in MP4 format, to the \Video\Clips\ current user’s directory.

See also:
How to record games clips

The solution to the error 0x80073712. Component store has been corrupted

To fix the error “0x80073712. Component store has been corrupted” you need to open a CMD with administrator rights and run the following commands:

Checking the component store:

Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth

Recovery:

Dism.exe /Online /Cleanup-Image /Restorehealth

For Powershell, the command looks like this:

Repair-WindowsImage -Online -RestoreHealth

You can also restore from the original installation disk by inserting a disk and executing commands in Powershell:

Repair-WindowsImage -Online -RestoreHealth -Source Е:\sources\install.wim:1

where E is the drive letter, and figure 1 is the edition number on the disk.

After the procedures, it is advisable to check the system files by typing the following at the command prompt:

sfc /SCANNOW

How to change the drive letter in Windows

For different versions of Windows, the procedure for changing the drive letter is almost the same.

To change the drive letter in Windows 8, click “Start“, type “Control Panel” on the screen, select “Control Panel” – “Administration” – “Computer Management” – “Disk Management“.
On the right disk, right-click the bears and select “Change Drive Letter and Path …“, click “Change…” in the window that opens, select “Assign the folowing drive latter” if it is not selected and select the desired letter, click “OK” to finish. Click “Yes” to confirm.

You can also open the Computer Management window by typing “compmgmt.msc” on the command line or in the search bar.

Windows Hot Keys List

Here is the list of Windows hot keys:
Win + E (Explorer)
Win + Pause (Properties of the system)
Win + F1 (Windows Help)
Win + F (Search for files)
Win + Сtrl + F (Computer search)
Ctrl + Esc или Win (Menu Start)
Ctrl + Shift + Esc (Task Manager)
Win + D (Collapse all windows)
Win + R (The Run window)
Win + L (Block)
Printscreen (Screenshot)
Alt + Printscreen (Screenshot of the active window)
Win + Tab или Win + Shift + Tab (Switch between windows)
Alt +Tab (Easy switching between windows)
Ctrl + N (Creating a new object, document, opening a new window)
Ctrl + P (Printing)
Ctrl + Z (Undo the last action)
Alt + Enter (In some applications, switching to full screen mode and back)
F5 (updating the window)

Work with text:
Ctrl + A (select all)
Ctrl + C или Ctrl + Insert (copy to clipboard)
Ctrl + X или Shift + Delete (cut to clipboard)
Ctrl + V или Shift + Insert (paste from clipboard)
Ctrl + S (saving a document or project)
Ctrl + O (opening an object or document)
Ctrl + Home (move to the beginning of the document)
Ctrl + End (move to the end of the document)
Ctrl + Shift + left/right arrow (text selection by words)
Ctrl + left/right arrow (move the cursor by words)

Working with files:
Alt + Enter (When a selected object in the directory opens its properties)
F2 (object renaming)
Shift + F10 (context menu, like right-click)
Shift + Delete (the irrevocable removal of the object, bypassing the basket)
Enter (similar to double-clicking a mouse)
Delete (object deletion)
Ctrl + click (arbitrary selection)
Shift + click (highlight adjacent objects)
Ctrl + Shift + dragging with the mouse (create a shortcut)
Ctrl + dragging with the mouse (copying an object)
Shift + dragging with the mouse (object movement)

Working with dialog boxes:
Tab (move forward by options)
Shift + Tab (move to options backward)
Ctrl + Tab (moving tabs forward)
Ctrl + Shift + Tab (moving tabs backward)

When inserting a disk into the CD-ROM, the Shift key cancels the autorun of the contents of the disk.

How to remove hiberfil.sys file

The file hiberfil.sys is created and used by the operating system for the correct operation of the sleep mode. When the computer goes into sleep mode, all data from the RAM is stored in this file. The size of this file is usually not less than the amount of computer RAM (RAM).

If you need to delete the hiberfil.sys file, you will have to disable sleep and hibernation on your computer. To do this, open “Control Panel” -> “Power Supply” -> “Power Scheme Setup” and in the window that opens, click “Never” and click “OK” in the opposite window.
Next, you need to type the following command in the command line or “execute” (Windows + R):

powercfg -h off

or

powercfg –hibernate –off

and click “OK”. The hiberfil.sys file will be deleted automatically.
If you suddenly changed your mind and decided to return to hibernation, then you can run the command:

powercfg -h on

These manipulations must be performed on behalf of the administrator.

Setting up a network in Windows via the command line

To begin, open the command line by clicking on the shortcut in the Start menu or typing the command “cmd” in the “Run” line.

Here is an example of viewing the current configuration:

netsh interface ip show config

View a list of network interfaces:

netsh interface ipv4 show interfaces

An example of configuring static parameters for an interface named Ethernet 2:

netsh interface ip set address name="Ethernet 2" static 192.168.0.101 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1 1

Or so:

netsh interface ipv4 set address name="Ethernet 2" source=static address=192.168.1.2 mask=255.255.255.0 gateway=192.168.1.1
netsh interface ipv4 add dnsserver name="Local" address=8.8.8.8 index=1

Example of obtaining parameters for the Ethernet 2 interface by DHCP:

netsh interface ip set address name="Ethernet 2" dhcp

Example of obtaining the DNS parameters for the Ethernet 2 interface by DHCP:

netsh interface ip set dns "Ethernet 2" dhcp

Export the current configuration to a file:

netsh -c interface dump > d:cfg1.txt

Importing a configuration from a file:

netsh -f d:cfg1.txt

How to schedule shutdown Windows

There are several ways to schedule a Windows shutdown.

1) You can execute the command shown below in the “Run” window (it can also be opened with the WIN+R keys), also on the command line or the PowerShell, for all variants the command is the same:

shutdown –s –t 3600

Where 3600 is the number of seconds after which Windows will shut down and the computer will shut down.
3600 seconds = 1 hour.

Similarly, you can put the computer into hibernation mode if it is available:

shutdown –h –t 3600

To cancel a command, you must:

shutdown /a

2) The second way is to create a simple task in the task scheduler.
Open the Control Panel\System and Security\Administration\Task Scheduler.
Click “Create a simple task …”.
Enter any name for the new task, for example, “Shutdown.”
In the next window, select “Once.”
In the next window, we indicate the time when we need to complete the task.
In the next window, select “Run the program.”
In the line “Program or script:” we indicate the program:

C:\Windows\System32\shutdown.exe

and in the line “Add arguments (optional):” -s
Create a task.

Similarly, you can create a task such as sleep mode by entering “Program or script:” in the line:

C:\Windows\System32\rundll32.exe powrprof.dll,SetSuspendState Sleep

If you want to delete it, in the Task Scheduler window on the left click “Job Scheduler Library” and clicking the right button on the desired task, click “Delete”.

See also my article – Enable or disable Hibernate mode in Windows

Where is auto startup folder in Windows 10?

It took today on Windows 10 to add a shortcut to the program in startup, started looking in the menu, but there is no it.

Therefore, I will describe a couple of options where to find this folder “Startup”.

Option 1) The folder for each user is located separately, for example, in my case (user admin), the path to it is:

C:\Users\admin\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup

admin can be replaced with the correct user name and paste this path into the address bar of the explorer. The AppData folder is hidden, so if you open folders one by one, you will have to type it manually in the address bar of the explorer.

Option 2) Open the line “Run” in the menu or by pressing Win+R and type:

shell:startup

In this case, the “Startup” folder of the current user will be displayed.
To open the shared folder “Startup” which is valid for all users, type:

shell:common startup

To remove something from the startup, you do not have to delete the shortcut from the Startup folder, you can open the Task Manager with the shortcut Ctrl+Shift+Esc and the “Startup” right-click the desired object and select “Disable“. In this tab, you can also disable objects that are added to the startup registry.

Done.