Vyacheslav Gapon – personal blog, manuals, articles, notes, development
Low-level discovery allows you to automatically create data items, triggers, graphics.
Massively it is better not to use it, since in practice it noticed that it gives a significant load on the system.
Here is an example of the discovery configuration for viewing the port load of the managed switch.
To start, open the “Settings” – “Templates“, create a new template, or click “Discovery“.
Click “Create rule” and fill out the main parameters:
MRTG (Multi Router Traffic Grapher) – a tool for displaying various data in graphs.
The installation command in Ubuntu/Debian:
sudo apt-get install mrtg snmp snmpd
In CentOS:
yum install mrtg net-snmp net-snmp-utils
The command below can tell you which additional modules are in the repository:
apt-cache search mrtg
Open the configuration file /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
sudo nano /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
Comment on the line:
com2sec paranoid default public
And uncomment the line:
com2sec readonly default public
Restart snmpd so that changes to the configuration file take effect:
sudo /etc/init.d/snmpd restart
You can check snmp by commands:
netstat -nlp | grep snmpd snmpwalk -v2с -c public localhost
Beginners can generate a simple configuration file with the command:
sudo cfgmaker public@localhost >> /etc/mrtg.cfg
where public is the name of the community (the password is in other words), and localhost is the host address or ip.
Example of starting the configuration file /etc/mrtg.cfg:
WorkDir: /var/www/mrtg Options[_]: growright, bits, nobanner Background[_]: #B0C4DE EnableIPv6: no Language: russian EnableSnmpV3: no Interval: 10 Refresh: 600 Include: /etc/mrtg/server1.cfg Include: /etc/mrtg/server2.cfg
Create the working directory:
sudo mkdir /var/www/mrtg
Then you must write or generate the index.html file with the command:
sudo indexmaker /etc/mrtg.cfg > /var/www/mrtg/index.html
We look at the log /var/log/mrtg.log so that there are no errors.
Here is an example of setting up SNMP on D-Link switches:
private CommunityView Read Write public CommunityView Read Only
Example of a manual start script (mrtg.sh):
#!/bin/bash #run mrtg LANG=C export $LANG /usr/bin/mrtg /etc/mrtg.cfg --logging /var/log/mrtg.log
On the test, I will use the HP LaserJet P2055dn printer.
Here is a list of tested OIDs for obtaining various SNMP information:
1.3.6.1.2.1.43.11.1.1.8.1.1 (Maximum number of copies of toner)
1.3.6.1.2.1.43.11.1.1.9.1.1 (Remaining number of copies of toner)
1.3.6.1.2.1.43.12.1.1.4.1.1 (Toner color)
1.3.6.1.2.1.43.10.2.1.4.1.1 (Number of pages printed)
1.3.6.1.2.1.43.5.1.1.17.1 (Serial number of the printer)
To see a list of all possible oid’s, you can run the command in Linux:
snmpwalk -v 1 -c public 192.168.24.112
You can check the specific oid with the command:
snmpget -v 2c -c public 192.168.24.112 1.3.6.1.2.1.43.11.1.1.9.1.1
I’ll list some of the OIDs I used:
Determine the OID of the processor load by running the command in Linux:
snmpwalk -v 2c -c сommunity host .1.3.6.1.4.1.25506.2.6.1.1.1.1.6 snmpwalk -v 2c -c сommunity host .1.3.6.1.2.1.47.1.1.1.1.7
As a result of the execution of the first command, a list of OIDs will be displayed, those in which a value greater than 0 means CPU loading. If the switches are stacked, then the OID with a value greater than zero will be greater than one. The second team is looking at the description, ours will be “Board”.
Determine the OID of memory usage:
snmpwalk -v 2c -c сommunity host .1.3.6.1.4.1.25506.2.6.1.1.1.1.8
Determine the OID of the temperature:
snmpwalk -v 2c -c сommunity host .1.3.6.1.4.1.25506.2.6.1.1.1.1.12
OID to view the ARP list:
.1.3.6.1.2.1.3.1.1
We look in what vlan are ip:
.1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2
See also:
SNMP OID and MIB for interfaces
I noticed once on the new system after importing Zabbix templates that not all data elements work successfully.
And the error is displayed:
snmp_parse_oid(): cannot parse OID “MIB”
As it turned out, the data elements have MIBs instead of OIDs that are not in the system.
For example, the MIB for incoming traffic on the first interface will be ifInOctets.1, and OID 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10.1
Here in more detail you can see examples SNMP OID and MIB for interfaces
Therefore, the solution to this error will be either editing all the elements of the template, we will change the MIB to OID, or the option is easier – to install MIBs that are not in the system, if these are standard MIBs, then they can be installed as I described in this article – Installing MIB in Ubuntu and Solving the Error “SNMP Cannot Find Module …”
In the end, we will necessarily restart snmpd and zabbix-server:
sudo service snmpd restart sudo service zabbix-server restart
Done.
Today wrote a Zabbix template for the BDCOM P3310B so that it was convenient to monitor it and to explore a few necessary OIDs.
To test an OID from a Linux terminal, for example, use the command:
Has noticed an error after executing the command snmpwalk with the indication of MIB instead of OID:
snmpwalk -v 2c -c public 192.168.0.1 ifIndex ifIndex: Unknown Object Identifier (Sub-id not found: (top) -> ifIndex)
And:
For error such as:
Cannot find module (HOST-RESOURCES-MIB): At line 0 in (none)
Cannot find module (HOST-RESOURCES-TYPES): At line 0 in (none)
Cannot find module (SNMPv2-TC): At line 10 in /usr/share/mibs/netsnmp/UCD-DLMOD-MIB
Cannot find module (SNMPv2-SMI): At line 34 in /usr/share/mibs/netsnmp/UCD-SNMP-MIB
Cannot find module (SNMPv2-TC): At line 37 in /usr/share/mibs/netsnmp/UCD-SNMP-MIB
Did not find ‘enterprises’ in module #-1 (/usr/share/mibs/netsnmp/UCD-SNMP-MIB)
Did not find ‘DisplayString’ in module #-1 (/usr/share/mibs/netsnmp/UCD-SNMP-MIB)
Did not find ‘TruthValue’ in module #-1 (/usr/share/mibs/netsnmp/UCD-SNMP-MIB)
Unlinked OID in UCD-SNMP-MIB: ucdavis ::= { enterprises 2021 }
Undefined identifier: enterprises near line 39 of /usr/share/mibs/netsnmp/UCD-SNMP-MIB
Did not find ‘DisplayString’ in module #-1 (/usr/share/mibs/netsnmp/UCD-DLMOD-MIB)
Did not find ‘ucdExperimental’ in module UCD-SNMP-MIB (/usr/share/mibs/netsnmp/UCD-DLMOD-MIB)
...
We look at the tree of mibs:
snmptranslate -Tp
The solution to the above errors is the execution of the following commands:
sudo apt-get install snmp-mibs-downloader sudo download-mibs sudo sed -i "s/^\(mibs *:\).*/#\1/" /etc/snmp/snmp.conf sudo service snmpd restart
I wrote a template for Ubiquiti PowerBeam 5AC for Zabbix and explored several basic SNMP OIDs for which you need to draw graphics.
OID tested for devices that are configured in Station mode and with firmware v7.1.4 (XC).
You can check the OID from a Linux command, for example:
snmpwalk -v 1 -c public 192.168.1.20 .1
First of all, I looked at what interfaces there are (if you add VLAN, etc. on the device, their number can be shifted):
snmpwalk -v 1 -c public 192.168.1.20 ifDescr
The next MIBs can read incoming and outgoing traffic (I have LAN eth0 under index 4, WLAN ath0 under 10), for example for LAN traffic:
ifInOctets.4 ifOutOctets.4
Average CPU usage per 1min / 5min / 15min:
1.3.6.1.4.1.10002.1.1.1.4.2.1.3.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.10002.1.1.1.4.2.1.3.2 1.3.6.1.4.1.10002.1.1.1.4.2.1.3.3
TX and RX AP in kilobytes can be found by the following OID:
1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.4.7.1.17.1.4.24.214 1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.4.7.1.18.1.4.24.214
OID noise can be found by:
1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.4.7.1.4.1.4.24.214
Signal strength: 1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.4.5.1.5.1
Frequency: 1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.4.1.1.4.1
SSID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.4.5.1.2.1
Uptime: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0
Free memory: 1.3.6.1.4.1.10002.1.1.1.1.2.0
Total Memory: 1.3.6.1.4.1.10002.1.1.1.1.1.0
MAC address of the access point to which the device is connected: 1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.4.5.1.4.1
The IP address of the access point to which the device is connected: 1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.4.7.1.10.1.4.24.214.232.12.159
Antenna type: 1.3.6.1.4.1.41112.1.4.1.1.9.1
See also:
SNMP OID and MIB for interfaces
Today I made Zabbix templates, I started doing first under MikroTik RouterBOARD SXT-Lite2 (2nDr2).
Continue reading “SNMP MIBs and OIDs for MikroTik”I made a template for Zabbix today to monitor iLO 4 on the HP DL380p G8 server and had to investigate several OIDs.
You can check the OID from Linux with the command:
snmpwalk 192.168.1.5 -c КОМЬЮНИТИ -v 2c OID
Below is a list and description for OID coolers, processors, temperature sensors, logical drives (RAID), hard disks, network controller iLO, RAM.
Fans:
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.6.7.1.2.0 (Fan Index)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.6.7.1.3.0 (Fan Locale (1=other, 2=unknown, 3=system, 4=systemBoard, 5=ioBoard, 6=cpu, 7=memory, 8=storage, 9=removable media, 10=power supply, 11=ambent, 12=chassis, 13=bridge card, 14=management board, 15=backplane, 16=network slot, 17=blade slot, 18=virtual)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.6.7.1.4.0 (Fan Present (1=other, 2=absent, 3=present)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.6.7.1.5.0 (Fan Present (1=other, 2=tachOutput, 3=spinDetect)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.6.7.1.6.0 (Fan Speed (1=other, 2=normal, 3=high)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.6.7.1.9.0 (Fan Condition (1=other, 2=ok, 3=degraded, 4=failed)
Temperature:
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.6.8.1.2.0 (Temperature Sensor Index)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.6.8.1.3.0 (Temperature Sensor Locale (1=other, 2=unknown, 3=system, 4=systemBoard, 5=ioBoard, 6=cpu, 7=memory, 8=storage, 9=removable media, 10=power supply, 11=ambent, 12=chassis, 13=bridge card)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.6.8.1.7.0 (Threshold Type (1=other, 5=blowout, 9=caution, 15=critical, 16=noreaction)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.6.8.1.4.0 (Temperature Celsius)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.6.8.1.5.0 (TemperatureThreshold)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.6.8.1.6.0 (TemperatureCondition)
CPU:
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.1.2.2.1.1.1 (CPU Index)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.1.2.2.1.1.3 (CPU Name)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.1.2.2.1.1.4 (CPU Speed in MHz)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.1.2.2.1.1.5 (CPU Step)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.1.2.2.1.1.6 (CPU status (1=unknown, 2=ok, 3=degraded, 4=failed, 5=disabled)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.1.2.2.1.1.15 (Number of enabled CPU cores)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.1.2.2.1.1.25 (Number of available CPU threads)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.1.2.2.1.1.26 (CPU power status (1=unknown, 2=Low Powered, 3=Normal Powered, 4=High Powered)
Logical Drives:
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.3.1.1.2.0 (Logical Drive Index)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.3.1.1.1.0 (Logical Drive Controller)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.3.1.1.3.0 (Logical Drive Fault Tolerance (1=other, 2=none, 3=RAID 1/RAID 1+0 (Mirroring), 4=RAID 4 (Data Guard), 5=RAID 5 (Distributed Data Guard), 7=RAID 6 (Advanced Data Guarding), 8=RAID 50, 9=RAID 60, 10=RAID 1 ADM (Advanced Data Mirroring), 11=RAID 10 ADM (Advanced Data Mirroring with Striping))
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.3.1.1.9.0 (Logical Drive Size in Mb)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.3.1.1.4.0 (Logical Drive Status (1=other, 2=ok, 3=Failed, 4=Unconfigured, 5=Recovering, 6=Ready Rebuild, 7=Rebuilding, 8=Wrong Drive, 9=Bad Connect, 10=Overheating, 11=Shutdown, 12=Expanding, 13=Not Available, 14=Queued For Expansion, 15=Multi-path Access Degraded, 16=Erasing, 17=Predictive Spare Rebuild Ready, 18=Rapid Parity Initialization In Progress, 19=Rapid Parity Initialization Pending, 20=No Access – Encrypted with No Controller Key, 21=Unencrypted to Encrypted Transformation in Progress, 22=New Logical Drive Key Rekey in Progress, 23=No Access – Encrypted with Controller Encryption Not Enabled, 24=Unencrypted To Encrypted Transformation Not Started, 25=New Logical Drive Key Rekey Request Received)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.3.1.1.11.0 (Logical Drive Condition (1=other, 2=ok, 3=degraded, 4=failed)
Drives:
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.2.0 (Drive Index)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.5.0 (Drive Bay)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.64.0 (Drive Location)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.3.0 (Drive Vendor)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.51.0 (Drive Serial Number)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.45.0 (Drive Size in Mb)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.65.0 (Drive Link Rate (1=other, 2=1.5Gbps, 3=3.0Gbps, 4=6.0Gbps, 5=12.0Gbps))
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.70.0 (Drive Current Temperature)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.71.0 (Drive Temperature Threshold)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.72.0 (Drive Maximum Temperature)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.6.0 (Drive Status (1=Other, 2=Ok, 3=Failed, 4=Predictive Failure, 5=Erasing, 6=Erase Done, 7=Erase Queued, 8=SSD Wear Out, 9=Not Authenticated)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.37.0 (Drive Condition (1=other, 2=ok, 3=degraded, 4=failed)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.9.0 (Drive Reference Time in hours)
iLO NIC:
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.9.2.5.2.1.1 (iLO location)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.9.2.5.1.1.2 (iLO NIC model)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.9.2.5.1.1.4 (iLO NIC MAC)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.9.2.5.1.1.5 (iLO NIC IPv4)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.9.2.5.1.1.9 (iLO NIC speed)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.9.2.5.1.1.14 (iLO NIC FQDN)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.9.2.5.2.1.2 (Tx bytes)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.9.2.5.2.1.3 (Tx packets)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.9.2.5.2.1.6 (Tx discard packets)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.9.2.5.2.1.7 (Tx error packets)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.9.2.5.2.1.9 (Rx bytes)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.9.2.5.2.1.10 (Rx packets)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.9.2.5.2.1.13 (Rx discard packets)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.9.2.5.2.1.14 (Rx error packets)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.9.2.5.2.1.15 (Rx unknown packets)
Memory:
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.14.13.1.1 (Memory Index)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.14.13.1.13 (Location)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.14.13.1.9 (Manufacturer)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.14.13.1.10 (Part Number)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.14.13.1.6 (Size in Kbytes)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.14.13.1.8 (Memory Technology)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.14.13.1.7 (Memory Type)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.14.13.1.19 (Memory status (1=other, 2=notPresent, 3=present, 4=good, 5=add, 6=upgrade, 7=missing, 8=doesNotMatch, 9=notSupported, 10=badConfig, 11=degraded, 12=spare, 13=partial)
.1.3.6.1.4.1.232.6.2.14.13.1.20 (Memory condition (1=other, 2=ok, 3=degraded, 4=degradedModuleIndexUnknown)